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DIYIPCB

PCB Capabilities

ENGINEERING RESOURCES

PCB capabilities

Find the specifications that matter to your next board.

Explore materials, dimensions, design rules and assembly requirements in one place.

Get a PCB quote

Check the limits for your material, layer count and process together. For special requirements, contact our team before ordering. Select a diagram to enlarge it.

Rigid PCB capabilities

PCB Specifications
Features Capability Description Diagram
Layer count 1-32 Layers The number of copper layers in the PCB
Controlled Impedance 4/6/8/10/12/14/16/18/20/…/32 layers Impedance-controlled PCB design supportAsk about impedance and stack-up
Impedance Tolerance ±10%
Material FR-4 Grade A laminates from suppliers including Nan Ya, KB, Shengyi and etc. fr4 pcb material stackup
Material Aluminum-Core 1-layer Aluminum-core PCBs fr4 pcb material stackup
Material Copper-Core 1-layer copper-core PCBs with direct heatsink contacts to core (≥ 1 × 1 mm) fr4 pcb material stackup
Material RF PCB 1 oz copper, 2-layer RF PCBs with Rogers and PTFE cores fr4 pcb material stackup
FR-4 Dielectric Constants 4.5 (2-Layer PCB)

7628 Prepreg 4.4

3313 Perpreg 4.1

2116 Perpreg 4.16

Maximum Dimensions

FR4(1-layer): 606 × 510 mm

FR4(2-layer): 670 × 600 mm

FR4(4-layer): 663 × 593 mm

FR4(6-layer and above): 656 × 586 mm

Rogers / PTFE Teflon PCB: 590 × 438 mm

Aluminum PCB: 602 × 506 mm

Copper PCB: 480 × 286 mm

These limits apply to PCBs with thickness ≥ 0.8 mm. The thinner FR4 PCBs are 599 × 497 mm maximum.

2-layer FR4 PCBs can reach a maximum size of 1020 × 600 mm.

4-layer FR4 PCBs can reach a maximum size of 1016 × 596 mm.

square and round pcb dimensions x y
Minimum Dimensions

FR4/Rogers/PTFE: 3 × 3 mm

Castellated / Plated Edges: 10 × 10 mm

Aluminum/Copper PCB: 5 × 5 mm

These limits apply to PCBs with thickness ≥ 0.6 mm. Manual review required for thinner PCBs. Panelization is recommended for small-sized boards.
Dimension Tolerance ±0.1mm ±0.1mm(Precision) and ±0.2mm(Regular) for CNC routing, and ±0.4mm for V-scoring
Thickness 0.4 – 4.5 mm Thickness for FR4 are: 0.4/0.6/0.8/1.0/1.2/1.6/2.0 mm (2.5 mm and above are for 12+ layer PCBs only) pcb thickness measurement diagram
Thickness Tolerance(Thickness≥1.0mm) ± 10% e.g. For the 1.6mm board thickness, the finished board thickness ranges from 1.44mm(T-1.6×10%) to 1.76mm(T+1.6×10%)
Thickness Tolerance(Thickness<1.0mm) ± 0.1mm e.g. For the 0.8mm board thickness, the finished board thickness ranges from 0.7mm(T-0.1) to 0.9mm(T+0.1).
Finished Outer Layer Copper

2-layer: 1 oz / 2 oz / 2.5 oz / 3.5 oz / 4.5oz

Multi-layer: 1 oz / 2 oz

finished outer layer copper stackup
Finished Inner Layer Copper 0.5 oz / 1 oz / 2 oz Finished copper weight of inner layer is 0.5oz by default. finished inner layer copper stackup
Soldermask Green, Purple, Red, Yellow, Blue, White, and Black. We use LPI (Liquid Photo Imageable) solder mask. This is the most common type of mask used today. Heat-cured ink soldermask is usually found on low-cost, single-sided PCBs.
Surface Finish HASL (leaded / lead-free), ENIG, OSP (Single-sided FR-4, FPC, and aluminum PCBs are currently not supported for OSP)

Aluminum PCBs: HASL only; FR-4/HDI boards with 6 or more layers, boards with a thickness ≤ 0.4 mm, high-frequency boards, copper-based PCBs, and FPCs do not support HASL.

Drilling
Features Capability Description Diagram
Drill Diameter

1-layer: 0.3 – 6.3 mm

2-layer: 0.15 – 6.3 mm

Multilayer: 0.15 – 6.3 mm

Holes with diameter ≥ 6.3 mm are CNC routed from a smaller drilled hole.

Min. drill diameter for 2- or more-layer PCBs is 0.15 mm (more costly!)

Min. drill diameter for aluminum-core PCBs is 0.65 mm

Min. drill diameter for copper-core PCBs is 1.0 mm

drill diameter min max diagram
Hole size Tolerance

Through-holes: +0.13 / -0.08 mm

Press-fit holes:±0.05 mm (Finished hole size: 0.55-2.0mm. Multilayer ENIG boards and circular holes only. Mention the specific holes in PCB Remark)

e.g. for the 0.6mm hole size, the finished hole size between 0.52mm to 0.73mm is acceptable.

To avoid soldermask or tin stuck in the hole, recommended PTH size≥0.5mm.

pcb hole size tolerance diagram
Average Hole Plating Thickness 18μm
Hole Position Tolerance ±0.05 mm
Blind/Buried Vias Not supported Currently we don’t support Blind/Buried Vias, only make through holes. blind buried vias cross section
Min. Via hole size/diameter 0.15mm / 0.25mm

1-layer (NPTH only): 0.3 mm hole size / 0.5 mm via diameter

2-layer: 0.15mm hole size / 0.25mm via diameter

Multilayer: 0.15 mm hole size / 0.25 mm via diameter

① Via diameter should be 0.1mm(0.15mm preferred) larger than Via hole size.

② Preferred Min. Via hole size: 0.2mm

③ 0.15mm hole size with any size via diameter, and 0.2mm or 0.25mm hole size with via diameter less than 0.45mm, will cost more.

min via hole size diameter diagram
Min. Non-plated holes 0.50mm Please draw NPTHs in the mechanical layer or keep out layer. min non plated holes npth
Min. Plated Slots Width

2-layer: 0.5mm

Multi-layer: 0.35mm

The minimum plated slot width is 0.5mm, which is drawn with a pad. The length of the slot should be at least 2 times of the width. min plated slot width dimension
Min. Non-Plated Slots 1.0mm The minimum Non-Plated Slot Width is 1.0mm, please draw the slot outline in the mechanical layer(GM1 or GKO) min non plated slot width
Slot Hole size Tolerance

Plated: +0.13 / -0.08 mm

Non-plated: ±0.2mm

Plated slot is made by drill tools.

Non-plated slot is made by CNC.

Via Hole-to-Hole Spacing 0.2mm via hole to hole spacing diagram
Pad Hole-to-Hole Spacing 0.45mm pad hole to hole spacing diagram
Min. Castellated Holes 0.5mm

Castellated holes are metalized half-holes on PCB edges, commonly used on daughter boards to be soldered onto carrier PCBs.

① Hole diameter (Φ): ≥ 0.5 mm

② Hole to board edge (L): ≥ 1 mm

③ Hole to hole (D): ≥ 0.5 mm

④ Min. PCB size:10 × 10 mm

⑤ Min. PCB thickness: 0.6 mm

min castellated holes specification
Plated Edges 10 x 10mm

Plated edges are copper-plated and ENIG treated. HASL is not supported.

① Min. PCB size: 10 × 10 mm

② Min. PCB thickness: 0.6 mm

③ At least 3 breaks (more for larger PCBs) in the edge plating are required for support tab connections

pcb plated edges demonstration
Blind Slot

① Blind slot width (W): ≥1.0mm

② Blind slot depth (D): ≥0.2mm

③ Blind slot annular width (A): ≥0.3mm

④ Safety distance (S): ≥0.2mm

⑤ Blind slot remaining thickness (R): ≥0.2mm

⑥ Supports 2-32-layer FR4 boards with a thickness of ≥0.8mm

pcb blind slot stackup diagram
Backdrill

Backdrill uses a secondary drilling process to control the depth of the hole, removing excess copper from the other layers of the via, thereby reducing its interference with the signal.

①Supports 4-32-layer FR4 boards with a thickness of ≥0.8mm

②Through-Hole Diameter(D): 0.2-0.5mm(Epoxy filled after backdrilling)

③Backdrill Diameter(W): typically 0.2mm larger than through-hole diameter

④Backdrill Depth(L): layers with backdrilling, customizable

⑤Dielectric Thickness(T): ≥0.15mm

⑥Safety Distance(S): ≥0.2mm

pcb backdrill cross section diagram
Rectangular Holes / Slots Not supported Rectangular holes and slots without rounded corners are not supported. supported pcb slot shapes guide
Traces
Features Capability Description Diagram
Min. track width and spacing (1 oz) 0.10 / 0.10 mm (4 / 4 mil)

1- and 2-layer: 0.10 / 0.10 mm (4 / 4 mil)

Multilayer: 0.09 / 0.09 mm (3.5 / 3.5 mil). 3 mil is acceptable in BGA fan-outs.

min trace width spacing diagram
Min. track width and spacing (2 oz) 0.16 / 0.16 mm (6.5 / 6.5 mil)

2-layer: 0.16 / 0.16 mm (6.5 / 6.5 mil)

Multilayer: 0.15 / 0.15 mm (6 / 6 mil)

Min. track width and spacing (2.5 oz) 2 layer: 0.2/0.2mm(8mil/8mil)
Min. track width and spacing (3.5 oz) 2 layer: 0.25/0.25mm(10mil/10mil)
Min. track width and spacing (4.5 oz) 2 layer: 0.3/0.3mm(12mil/12mil)
Track width tolerance ±20% e.g. For a 0.1 mm track, the finished track width ranges from 0.08 and 0.12 mm.
PTH annular ring ≧0.20mm

2-layer:

1 oz: Recommended 0.25 mm or above; absolute minimum 0.18 mm

2 oz: 0.254 mm or above

Multilayer:

1 oz: Recommended 0.20 mm or above; absolute minimum 0.15 mm

2 oz: 0.254 mm or above

pth pad annular ring diagram
NPTH pad annular ring ≧0.45mm Recommended 0.45 mm or more. This is to allow a 0.2 mm ring of copper to be removed around the hole for the sealing film to attach. npth pad annular ring diagram
BGA 0.2mm

① 0.2mm-0.25mm BGA pad diameter requires ENIG

② BGA pad to trace clearance ≥ 0.1 mm (min. 0.09 mm for multilayer boards)

③ Vias can be placed within BGA pads using filled and plated-over vias

bga pad and via in pad diagram
Trace coils 0.15/0.15mm

Minimum trace width/clearance: 0.15/0.15mm, when traces are covered by solder mask (1oz).

Minimum trace width/clearance: 0.25/0.25mm, when traces are NOT covered by solder mask (1oz). ENIG only(high risk of short circuit with HASL)

pcb trace coils enig solder mask
Hatched grid width and spacing 0.25 mm hatched grid pattern width spacing
Same-net track spacing 0.25mm same net track spacing diagram
Inner layer via hole to copper clearance 0.2mm internal via to copper clearance
Inner layer PTH pad hole to copper clearance 0.3mm
Pad to track clearance 0.1mm Min. 0.1 mm (stay well above if possible). Min. 0.09 mm locally for BGA pads pad to track clearance diagram
SMD pad to pad clearance (different nets) 0.15mm

More details of SMD pad spacing: SMD component spacing design support

Minimum SMD pad: 0.25mm × 0.25mm

smd pad to pad clearance diagram
Via hole to Track 0.2mm via hole to track spacing
PTH to Track 0.28mm 0.35mm is recommended, minimum 0.28mm pth to track clearance limit
NPTH to Track 0.2mm npth to track clearance limit
Soldermask
Features Capability Description Diagram
Soldermask Expansion 1:1

LDI equipment upgraded in June 2025. Pad size:soldermask opening can be 1:1(Previous production file will be followed in Reorder).

Keep at least 0.09 mm clearance between soldermask openings and neighboring traces.

soldermask expansion and clearance
Soldermask bridge 0.10mm

1oz:

Min. pad spacing: 0.10 mm (green, red, yellow, blue, purple)

Min. pad spacing: 0.13 mm (black, white)

2oz:

Min. pad spacing: 0.20 mm (any color)

min soldermask bridge width diagram
Plugged vias Filled with soldermask

Vias are filled with soldermask for an opaque finish. Ask about via covering options

① Filled vias must not have soldermask openings on either side

② Filled vias should have ≥ 0.35 mm clearance from other soldermask openings (e.g. pads)

③ Filled vias must be no wider than 0.5 mm diameter

vias plugged with soldermask ink
Via-in-Pad Process

Epoxy Filled & Capped

Copper paste Filled&Capped

Filled and capped vias can provide a planar surface for pads. Specify the required filling material, via diameter and capping requirements in your fabrication notes.

The suitable process depends on the stackup and application. Do not assume that via filling is included solely because a board has six or more layers. Confirm via treatment with DIYIPCB before ordering.

Open, filled, and filled-and-capped via cross sections
Solder mask dielectric constant 3.8 pcb solder mask thickness cross section
Solder mask ink thickness ≥ 10μm
Legend
Features Capability Description Diagram
Minimum Line Width ≥0.15mm Characters width less than 0.15mm will be unidentifiable. silkscreen minimum line width diagram
Minimum text height 40 mil (1.0mm) Characters height less than 40 mil(1.0mm) will be unidentifiable. silkscreen minimum text height diagram
Character width to height ratio 1:6 The preferred ratio of width to height is 1:6. silkscreen width to height ratio guide
Hollow-carved Character width to height ratio 1:6 The preferred ratio of width to height is 1:6 Hollow silkscreen text height, stroke and opening dimensions
Pad To Silkscreen 0.15mm The Minimum Distance Between Pad and Silkscreen is 0.15mm. pad to silkscreen clearance diagram
Outline
Features Capability Description Diagram
Routed 0.2mm

① Copper clearance from routed board edges: ≧0.2 mm

② Copper clearance from routed slots: ≧0.2 mm

③ Dimension tolerance for routed board edges: ±0.2 mm (regular precision); ±0.1 mm (high precision)

④ Minimum dimension 50*50mm for high precision, and at least 3 tooling holes with minimum 1.5mm diameter on different corners.

⑤ Minimum slot width for aluminum/copper core PCB: 1.6mm.

pcb via solder mask opening process
V-Cut 0.4mm

① Copper clearance from V-cut board edges: ≧0.4 mm

② Dimension tolerance for V-cut board edges: ±0.4 mm. PCB thickness ≥ 0.6 mm

③ Zero panel board spacing by default. Alternatively, V-cut along one direction with no spacing and route along the other direction with 1.6 or 2 mm board spacing.

④ Min. panel dimensions: 70 × 70 mm; max. panel dimensions: 475 × 475 mm

⑤ V-cut groove angle: 25°

⑥Minimum spacing between two v-cuts: 2mm(3mm is recommended)

pcb pad solder mask opening process
Mouse bites Panel 0.2mm

① Copper clearance from non-mouse-bite board edges: ≧0.2 mm

② Dimension tolerance for non-mouse-bite board edges: ±0.2 mm (regular precision); ±0.1 mm (high precision)

③ Panel board spacing: 1.6 or 2 mm

④ Serrated edges will remain after depanelization

⑤ Minimum tooling edge width: 3 mm. For SMT assembly, confirm the required rail width, tooling holes and fiducial positions with DIYIPCB before releasing the panel design.

⑥ Recommended diameter of mouse bite is 0.5mm-0.8mm; Recommended distance between the two mouse-bites is 0.2-0.3mm. The minimum width of breakaway tab is 4mm. For breakaway with mouse-bites, the minimum width is 5mm.

pcb mouse bites panel design specs
Panelization with space 2mm The spacing between boards should be ≥ 2 mm, as narrow spacing results in difficulties for routing and V-cut. pcb panelization with minimum spacing
Panel of Circular PCBs Confirm panel layout

For supplier-panelized circular boards, confirm the individual board diameter and proposed panel layout with DIYIPCB.

Panelize with stamp holes and add tooling strips on four board edges

circular pcb panel design requirements

Flex PCB capabilities

Flexible PCB Capabilities
Category Features Capability Description
Layer Count 1-layer, 2-layers, 4-layers The number of copper layers in the FPC Rigid-flex PCBs are not yet supported.
FPC Stack-Up 1-Layer (25µm dielectric thickness) FPC with copper and coverlay on the same one side only. Inner PI thickness: 25 μm fpc 1 layer 25um stackup
FPC Stack-Up 2-Layer (25µm dielectric thickness) FPC with copper on both sides. Inner PI thickness: 25 μm fpc 2 layer 25um stackup
FPC Stack-Up 1-Layer (50µm dielectric thickness) Tear-resistant. fpc 1 layer 50um stackup
FPC Stack-Up 2-Layer (50µm dielectric thickness) Tear-resistant. Suitable for impedance-controlled boards. fpc 2 layer 50um stackup
FPC Stack-Up 1-Layer (Transparent) PET Thickness: 36um transparent fpc 1 layer pet
FPC Stack-Up 2-Layer (Transparent) PET Thickness: 36um transparent fpc 2 layer pet
FPC Stack-Up 4-Layer

Inner/outer layer copper weight: 1/3oz, 0.5oz, and 1oz.

Lamination structures: with coverlay or without coverlay.

For inner layers with 1oz copper weight, coverlay is applied by default to prevent delamination and blistering during lamination.

4 layer fpc cross section
Dimensions Maximum Dimensions Regular: 234 × 490 mm Absolute limit of 250 × 600 mm allowed with edge rails – confirm with customer support before ordering.
Dimensions Minimum Dimensions No limit, but FPCs whose dimension is smaller than 20 × 20 mm are best panelised Get help with Flex PCB panel design
Dimensions FPC Finished Thickness

25µm dielectric thickness FPC:

1-Layer: 0.07 / 0.11 mm

2-Layer: 0.11 / 0.12 / 0.2 mm

50µm dielectric thickness FPC:

1-Layer: 0.12 mm

2-Layer: 0.19 mm

Transparent FPC:

1-Layer: 0.14 mm

2-Layer: 0.24 mm

4-Layer FPC: 0.2 / 0.25 / 0.30 / 0.35 / 0.40 / 0.45 mm

①The thickness of the finished FPC excluding any stiffeners (If the measured area has no copper or coverlay, the finished thickness will be reduced.)

②White coverlay is 10um per side thicker than yellow/black coverlay.

Dimensions Outer Layer Copper Weight

Single-sided: 18 μm (0.5 oz), 35 μm (1 oz)

Double-sided & four-layer: 12 μm (0.33 oz), 18 μm (0.5 oz), 35 μm (1 oz)

The thickness of copper on the FPC
Dimensions Type of Process Dry film process with LDI (laser direct image) exposure technology LDI provides higher accuracy than traditional LED exposure. The machines also support automatic alignment based on board size to eliminate pad offset issues.
Dimensions Surface Finish ENIG. Thickness: 1u” / 2u” ENIG deposits a nickel-gold coating on exposed pads to prevent oxidation.
Dimensions Thickness with Stiffener Thickness with Stiffener = FPC Thickness + Stiffener Thickness Ask about PI stiffener thickness
Dimensions FPC Thickness Tolerance

1. Area with stiffener thickness ≤ 0.3 mm: ±0.05 mm

2. Area with stiffener thickness between 0.3-1.0 mm (including 1.0 mm): ±0.1 mm

3. Area with stiffener thickness above 1.0 mm: ±10%

4. Gold finger area: ±0.03 mm

Additional tolerance exists for stiffeners. Thicker stiffeners have larger tolerances.
Holes Hole Diameter 0.1-6.5 mm The recommended maximum diameter for PTHs is 5 mm, if bigger may cause risks to production
Holes Diameter Tolerance ±0.08 mm Example: A 1.00 mm designed diameter is allowed to yield any physical diameter between 0.92-1.08 mm.
Holes Minimum Plated Slot 0.50 mm min plated slot width
Holes Minimum Non-Plated Slot Not limited At least 0.2 mm copper clearance is required around non-plated slots.
Holes Castellated Holes

Castellated holes are plated half-holes on the edge of an FPC. Most often used for press-soldered connectors.

① Castellated hole diameter: ≥ 0.3 mm

② Castellated hole to board edge: ≥ 0.5 mm

③ Castellated hole to hole: ≥ 0.4 mm

fpc castellated hole specs
Holes Min. Via hole size/diameter

①Regular: 0.3mm/0.55mm

②Extreme for 2-layer: 0.10mm/0.3mm (extra cost required)

③Extreme for 4-layer: 0.15mm/0.35mm (extra cost required)

④Via diameter must be at least 0.2mm larger than via hole size, 0.25mm or above is better.

via hole diameter diagram
Traces Annular Ring for PTH ≥ 0.25 mm recommended, absolute limit: 0.18 mm pth annular ring specs
Traces Minimum Trace Width/Spacing (1 oz)

① 12 μm (0.33 oz) copper: 3/3 mil (absolute limit 2/2 mil – avoid if possible)

② 18 μm (0.5 oz) copper: 3.5/3.5 mil

③ 35 μm (1 oz) copper: 4/4 mil

These are regular capabilities. Contact customer support for custom capability requirements.

fpc trace width spacing
Traces Trace Width Tolerance ±20% Example: A 0.10 mm designed trace width is allowed to yield any physical width between 0.08-0.12 mm.
Traces Pad-to-Trace Clearance

① Via ring to trace: ≥ 0.1 mm (more whenever possible)

② Exposed pad to trace: ≥ 0.15 mm (more whenever possible)

pad to trace clearance
Traces NPTH to Copper Clearance ≥ 0.20 mm The clearance from an NPTH to traces, pads, and copper pours
Traces BGA

① BGA pad diameter: ≥ 0.25 mm

② BGA pad to trace clearance: ≥ 0.2 mm

fpc bga pad clearance
Coverlay / Soldermask Coverlay Color Yellow / Black / White / Transparent Yellow is recommended
Coverlay / Soldermask Coverlay Opening

Coverlay expansion (one-sided): 0.1 mm

Coverlay opening to trace clearance: ≥ 0.15 mm (more whenever possible)

coverlay opening clearance
Coverlay / Soldermask Via covering Recommended to keep coverlay over vias
Coverlay / Soldermask Coverlay Thickness

25µm dielectric thickness FPC:

① PI: 12.5μm, Adhesive: 15μm (on 1/3oz or 0.5oz copper)

② PI: 25μm, Adhesive: 25μm (on 1oz copper)

50µm dielectric thickness FPC: PI: 25μm, Adhesive: 25μm

Transparent FPC: PET: 25μm, Adhesive: 25μm

Note: white coverlay is usually 13-18μm thicker per side than yellow or black coverlay.

fpc coverlay thickness
Coverlay / Soldermask Minimum solder bridge width 0.5 mm minimum, i.e. solder bridge narrower than 0.5 mm will be removed. Contact customer support for any non-standard requirements. min solder bridge width
Silkscreen Character Height ≥ 1mm (More in case of complex patterns or knock-out text) fpc silkscreen dimensions
Silkscreen Character Line Width ≥ 0.15mm (Narrower lines do not print well) fpc silkscreen dimensions
Silkscreen Character to Pad Clearance ≥ 0.15mm (Any silkscreen closer to a pad than this will be clipped) fpc silkscreen dimensions
FPC Outline Laser Outline

① Copper to board edge ≥ 0.3mm

② Copper to slots ≥ 0.3mm

③ Outline tolerance: ±0.1 mm (±0.05 mm upon request)

fpc laser outline clearance
FPC Outline Gold Finger Pad to Board Edge Clearance 0.2 mm. Gold fingers will be cut back if exceeding this clearance to avoid damage during laser cutting the outline. Castellated pads are exempt from this clearance. gold finger edge clearance
FPC Outline Panels (See FPC Panel Design Guide)

① Spacing between boards is commonly 2 mm. For boards with metal stiffeners use 3 mm instead.

② Handling edges of width 5 mm required on all four sides. Copper pour is required on these edges, with 1 mm clearance around fiducials and 0.5 mm clearance around tooling holes.

③ Fiducials: 1 mm; tooling holes: 2 mm; Fiducial centre to board edge: 3.85 mm. Add four fiducials with one offset by 5 mm or more to aid orientation.

④ Support tab width: 0.7-1.0 mm

⑤ Maximum panel size: 234 × 490 mm

fpc panel design layout
Stiffeners PI Stiffener Thickness options: 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.20 mm, 0.225 mm, 0.25 mm PI stiffeners are most often used with gold finger connectors. For example if the connector needs to be 0.3 mm thick on a 0.11 mm FPC, a 0.225 mm stiffener thickness is most suitable.
Stiffeners FR4 Stiffener Thickness options: 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.6 mm (bonding with adhesive under high temperature and pressure) FR4 is usually only used on low-end products because it is prone to chipping. Avoid if possible.
Stiffeners Stainless Steel Stiffener Thickness options: 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm Steel stiffeners cost more but have excellent flatness and do not easily deform. This makes them good as support under SMD components. Note that since steel is slightly magnetic it should not be used with hall effect sensors or similar components.
Stiffeners 3M Tape

3M9077 (0.05 mm thick; heat-resistant)

3M468 (0.13 mm thick; not heat-resistant)

tesa8854 (0.1mm thick; heat-resistant, good adhesion, recommended)

Usually used to secure FPCs after assembly
Stiffeners EM Shielding Film 18 μm thick, black. Helps lower EMC. The recommended practice is to add soldermask openings to electrically connect ground plane with the shield films. emi shielding film ground
Bend Radius Recommended Minimum Bend Radius

Single layer: ≥ 6× total thickness

Multi-layer: ≥ 10× total thickness

Dynamic bending applications strongly recommend 1-2 layers with adhesive-less PI substrate.
Bend Radius Static vs Dynamic Bending

Static Bending: Smaller radius allowed (typically 6-10× thickness)

Dynamic Bending: Larger radius required (≥ 10-15× thickness recommended)

Static: Bent once or few times during assembly and remains in fixed shape. Suitable for most applications.

Dynamic: Repeated bending (thousands of cycles). Use 1-2 layers + adhesive-less PI for best lifespan. Avoid placing vias/pads in bend area.

Design Considerations Impedance Calculation

Core polyimide εr: 3.3

Coverlay εr: 2.9

Core polyimide thickness: 25 μm / 50 μm

For FPC impedance requirements, provide the target impedance, tolerance and proposed layer construction. Material properties and trace dimensions must be reviewed for the actual stackup. Confirm available impedance control and verification options with DIYIPCB before ordering.
Design Considerations EasyEDA (Highly Recommended) EasyEDA supports a dedicated stiffener layer. The shape and thickness of stiffeners are set and embedded in the design document so they don’t need to be entered manually when ordering. Get FPC design support easyeda stiffener setting
Design Considerations Other EDA Software Put annotations on its own layer. Include the outlines of the stiffeners and indicate material and thickness. This information is not automatically parsed so stiffener options need to be set manually when ordering. Make sure that annotation text does not overlap the board area. eda stiffener annotations
Design Considerations Other Design Constraints Same requirements as rigid PCBs in terms of holes, traces, soldermask, and silkscreen.

PCB Assembly capabilities

PCB Assembly Technical Capabilities
Features Economic PCBA Standard PCBA
Assembly Types Single sided placement (SMT/Thru-hole) Single & double sided placement (SMT/Thru-hole)
PCB Layer 2,4,6-layers 1 – 32 layers
Thickness 0.8mm – 1.6mm No limit
Dimension

Single PCB Size: 10x10mm – 470x500mm

PCB Panel Size: 10x10mm – 250x250mm

Single PCB Size: 70x70mm – 460x500mm

PCB Panel Size: 70x70mm – 250x250mm

Order Volume 2 – 50 pcs 2 – 80000 pcs
Surface Finish Limited by specific options (Refer to the options for Economic PCBA in the table below) No limit
PCB Color Limited by specific options (Refer to the options for Economic PCBA in the table below) No limit
Delivery Format Single PCB, Panel with mouse bites Single PCB, Panel with mouse bites, Panel with V-cut
Layer Stackup Standard stack-up only, special stack-up is not supported All stack-up
Gold Fingers/Castellated Holes/Edge Plating Not Support Support
Edge Rails Not necessary Necessary
Fiducials Not necessary Necessary
Minimum Package 0402 0201
Minimum IC Pin Spacing 0.4mm 0.35mm
Minimum BGA Spacing 0.5mm (center to center) 0.3mm (center to center)
Reflow temperature 255+/-5 °C (not adjustable) 240+/-5 °C
SPI No Yes
AOI Yes Yes
Visual Inspection Yes Yes
X-ray Inspection Yes (only for certain parts, such as BGA) Yes (only for certain parts, such as BGA)
Build time 1 – 3 days ≥ 4 days
PCB Specs for Economic PCB Assembly
Layer Thickness(mm) Color Surface Finish Qty(pcs)
0.8 Green

Lead-Free: HASL

Leaded: HASL

2-30
1 Green/Black

Lead-Free: HASL

Leaded: HASL

2-30
1.2 Green/Black

Lead-Free: HASL

Leaded: HASL

2-30
1.6 Green

Lead-Free: HASL / ENIG

Leaded: HASL / ENIG

2-50
1.6 Black

Lead-Free: HASL

Leaded: HASL

2-50
1.6 Blue/Purple

Lead-Free: HASL

Leaded: HASL

5-30
1.6 Red/White Leaded: HASL 5-30
1 Green

Lead-Free: HASL

Leaded: HASL

2-30
1.2 Green

Lead-Free: HASL

Leaded: HASL

2-50
1.6 Green

Lead-Free: HASL / ENIG

Leaded: HASL / ENIG

2-50
1.6 Green ENIG 2-30

SMT Stencil capabilities

SMT Stencil Specifications
Feature Capabilities
Stencil Types Framework & Non-Framework
Stencil Material 304 HTA stainless steel
Minimum Aperture Size >0.08mm
Cutting Tolerance ±0.003mm
Cutting Technology Precision Laser Cutting
Manufacturing Capabilities Over 30 laser cutting machines in operation
Stencil File Formats Gerber files (with solder paste layers), DXF
Thickness

Engineering recommendation

Ask DIYIPCB to recommend stencil thickness based on pad geometry and component requirements.

Customer-specified thickness

Include the required thickness in your inquiry. Availability and pricing will be confirmed for the selected process.

Common stencil thicknesses include 0.10 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.18 mm and 0.20 mm. Confirm special thicknesses and any associated charges before ordering.

Dimensions

Non-Framework:

Standard size: 280x380mm – 700 × 600 mm

Custom size: You can customize any dimensions within 650*580mm.

Note: Any non-standard sizes, for example, 1:1 as PCB, need to choose custom size and input specific size.

Framework:

Minimum: 400*300 (Valid Area 240mm*140mm)

Square Max: 736 × 736 mm (Valid Area: 500 × 500 mm)

Rectangular Max: 1500 × 500 mm (Valid Area: 1300 × 320 mm)

Note: Valid Area is where the apertures can be open

Nano-Coating Available for all types of stencils
Step Stencil Only available for stencils with framework
Ultrasonic-Resistant Adhesive Only available for stencils with framework
Stencil Side

4 options:

1. Top Only

2. Bottom Only

3. Top + Bottom (On Single Stencil)

4. Top + Bottom (On Separate Stencils)

Get a DIYIPCB stencil quote.

Stencil Process Type

2 options:

1. Solder Paste Stencil

2. Red Glue Stencil

Get a DIYIPCB stencil quote.

Polishing Process

3 Options:

1. Sanding

2. Etching Polish

3. Electropolishing (Ideal for ICs ≤ 0.5 mm pitch and BGA packages)

Get a DIYIPCB stencil quote.

Fiducials

3 options:

1. No Fiducial

2. Etched Through

3. Etched Half Into

Get a DIYIPCB stencil quote.

Stencil Package

Non-framework:

≤250×250 mm: Packed in a plastic bag with an air-shipping box.

>250×250 mm: Packed in a cardboard box and clamped with wooden boards.

Framework: Packed in a box, then clamped with wooden boards

Build Time

Fastest build time: 12 hours

Note: The final build time may vary based on the selected stencil specifications and order confirmation time.

Stencil Delivery

If you order a stencil together with PCBs, stencil size within 280mm × 280mm can be shipped together with the PCBs.

However, if you choose express shipping (e.g., DHL, FedEx), stencil size exceeding 280mm × 280mm will be shipped separately.